tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-27662571571744357152024-03-05T14:15:46.801-08:00Teknik Informatika new'ELhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12101051084535109787noreply@blogger.comBlogger4125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2766257157174435715.post-31810086444351420262012-09-06T06:05:00.000-07:002012-09-09T07:04:17.199-07:00Konsep Dasar Bahasa C<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<br />
<b style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">1.1<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></b><b style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">SEJARAH
DAN STANDAR C</b><br />
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">Akar dari bahasa C adalah bahasa BCPL yang
dikembangkan oleh <b>Martin Richard </b>pada
tahun 1967. Bahasa ini memberikan ide kepada <b>ken thompson </b>yang kemudian mengembangkan bahasa yang disebut dengan
B pada tahun 1970. Perkembangan selanjutnya dari bahasa B adalah C oleh <b><i>Dennis
Ricthie</i> </b>sekitar tahun 1970-an di Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc.
(Sekarang ada di AT&T Bell Laboratories)</span></div>
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">
</span>
<br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">Kepopuleran bahasa C membuat versi-versi dari bahasa
ini banyak dibuat untuk komputer mikro. Untuk membuat versi-versi tersebut
standar. ANSI (American National Standards Institute) Kemudian menetapkan
standar ANSI untuk bahasa C. Standar ANSI ini didasarkan dari standar UNIX yang
diperluas. Standar ANSI menetapkan sebanyak 32 buah kata-kata kunci (keyword)
standat. Ke 32 kunci ini adalah :<span style="text-indent: 21.25pt;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">
</span>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;"><b>1.2<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></b><!--[endif]--><b>ALASAN-ALASAN
MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA C<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
Beberapa alasan dapat dicatat mengapa bahasa C banyak
digunakan, diantaranya adalah sebagai berikut :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Bahasa C tersedia hampir di semua jenis komputer.<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Kode bahasa C sifatnya adalah portabel<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
Aplikasi yang ditulis dengan bahasa C untuk semua komputer tertentu dapat
digunakan di komputer lain hanya dengan sedikit modifikasi.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Bahasa C hanya menyediakan sedikit kata kunci<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Proses executable program bahasa C lebih cepat<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Dukungan pustaka
yang banyak<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
Keandalan bahasa C dicapai dengan adanya fungsi-fungsi pustaka<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->C adalah bahasa yang terstruktur<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
Bahasa C mempunyai struktur yang baik sehingga mudah untuk dipahami. C
mempunyai fungsi-fungsi sebagai program bagiannya.<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Selain bahasa tingkat tinggi, C juga dianggap
sebagai bahasa tingkat menengah.<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
Bahasa C mampu menggabungkan kemampuan bahasa tingkat tinggi dengan
bahasa tingkat rendah.<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Bahasa C adalah kompiler<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
Karena C sifatnya adalahkompiler, maka akan menghasilkan executable
program yang banyak dibutuhkan oleh program-program komersial.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 14.8pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
auto<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
break<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
case<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
char<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
double<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
else<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
enum<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
extern<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
int<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
long<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
register<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
return<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
struct<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
swicth<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
typedef<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
union<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
continue<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
default<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
do<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
const<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
for<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
goto<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
if<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
float<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
signed<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
sizeof<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
static<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
short<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.2pt;" valign="top" width="79"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
void<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.35pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
volatile<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.05pt;" valign="top" width="77"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
while<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 60.5pt;" valign="top" width="81"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
unsigned<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>1.3<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></b><!--[endif]--><b>STRUKTUR
PROGRAM C<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
Untuk dapat memahami bagaimana suatu program ditulis,
maka struktur dari program harus dimengerti terlebih dahulu, atau sebagai
pedoman penulis program (rogrammer) bagaimana seharusnya program tersebut
ditulis.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 20.7pt;">
Struktur dari program C dapat dilihat sebagai kumpulan dari
sebuah fungsi-fungsi. Fungsi pertama yang harus ada di program C yang sudah di
tentukan namanya, yaitu fungsi <b>main(). </b>Artinya
program C minimal memiliki fungsi (fungsi <b>main()</b>).
Berikut ini adalah struktur dari program C.</div>
</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg6puhX3zWdEqdcExHbm5LAf9xtLnIBQHjphM8s11ns5Qrc0Iz0iimqbnUTZsP7dTjiKnU9c6M2j2H4ov4At8wWYxZTv1bbOPtHB_tdR7P53XV4dXNzFxPEGxuEoekLmROSnnuI4sO-zJo/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg6puhX3zWdEqdcExHbm5LAf9xtLnIBQHjphM8s11ns5Qrc0Iz0iimqbnUTZsP7dTjiKnU9c6M2j2H4ov4At8wWYxZTv1bbOPtHB_tdR7P53XV4dXNzFxPEGxuEoekLmROSnnuI4sO-zJo/s200/1.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium; text-align: start; text-indent: 27.600000381469727px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 17px;">Fungsi Utama</span></i>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizfdgh1871hHXgR0ks5jsoBS0qAslQHE0pj2jnlhPiG5CaOev4cIR4TCUJT-PUJtPQpPnVDNOvWTb5RTSsuLT69JKwIpDQYg13ZJGU-0Q-PBJ6hY65G6DM0k4sB0aP7Jd7axiNpKU9OOq-/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="88" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizfdgh1871hHXgR0ks5jsoBS0qAslQHE0pj2jnlhPiG5CaOev4cIR4TCUJT-PUJtPQpPnVDNOvWTb5RTSsuLT69JKwIpDQYg13ZJGU-0Q-PBJ6hY65G6DM0k4sB0aP7Jd7axiNpKU9OOq-/s200/2.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium; text-align: start; text-indent: 27.600000381469727px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 17px;">Fungsi-fungsi lain yang ditulis <br /> oleh pemrogram komputer</span></i> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></i></span>
<span style="text-indent: 20.7pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></i></span>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt;">
Keterangan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Dimulai tanda <b>{</b> hingga tanda <b>}</b> disebut
<b>tubuh fungsi</b> / <b>blok</b>.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Tanda ( )
digunakan untuk mengapit argumen fungsi, yaitu nilai yang dilewatkan ke fungsi.
Pada fungsi main( ) tidak ada argumen
yang diberikan, maka tidak ada entri di dalam (
).</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Kata void menyatakan bahwa fungsi ini tidak
memiliki nilai balik.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Tanda <b>{</b>
menyatakan awal eksekusi program dan tanda <b>}</b>
menyatakan akhir eksekusi program.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Di dalam tanda {
} bisa tergantung sejumlah unit yang di sebut pernyataan (statemen).
Umumnya pernyataan berupa instruksi untuk : </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 107.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->a.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Memerintah komputer melakukan proses menampilkan
string ke layar.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 107.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->b.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menghitung operasi matematika.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 107.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->c.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Membaca data dari keyboard. Dll.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
Bahasa C
dikatakan sebagai bahasa pemrograman terstruktur, karena strukturnya menggunkan
fungsi-fungsi sebagai program bagian (<i>subrountine</i>).
Fungsi-fungsi selain fungsi utama merupakan program-program bagian.
Fungsi-fungsi ini dapat di tulis setelah fungsi utama atau diletakkan di file
pustaka (<i>library</i>). Jika fungsi-fungsi
diletakkan di file pustaka dan aka dipakai suatu program, maka nama file judul
(<i>header file</i>) haarus dilibatkan di
dalam rogram yang menggunakannya dengan <i>prepocessor
directive </i>#include.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>1.4<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></b><!--[endif]--><b>PROGRAM
SEDERHANA<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
Setelah mengetahui bagaimana srtuktur dari suatu
program C, berdasarkan struktur ini, maka dapat ditulis suatu program C yang
sederhana dengan tidak mengalami bayak kesulitan. Berikut ini adalah suatu
program C yang sederhana :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->/*--- Program C Sederhana --*/</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]--><b>#include</b>
<stdio.h></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]--><b>main</b>(
)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->{</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]--> float celcius, farenheit;</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]--> printf(“Masukkan Nilai Celcius?”);</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]--> scanf(“%f”, &celcius);</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]--> fararenheit = celcius * 1.8 + 32;
/*--mengitung konversi--*/</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]--> printf(“%f celcius adalah %f
farenheit \n”, celcius, farenheit);</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->10.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->}</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>1.5<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></b><!--[endif]--><b>FILE
JUDUL / HEADER FILE<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
Dile judul (header file) merupakan file yang berisi
dengan protype (judul, nama dan sintak) dari sekumpulan fungsi-fungsi pustaka
tertentu. Jadi file ini hanya berisi dengan prototype deri fungsi-fungsi pustaka,
sedangkan fungsi-fungsi pustakanya sendiri disimpan di file pustaka (library
file dengan extention file .LIB).Misalnya prototype dari fungsi-fungsi pustaka
printf() dan scanf() terdapat di file judul stdio.h. sehingga jika
fungsi-fungsi ini akan digunakan di program, maka nama file judulnya harus
diibatkan dengan menggunakan prepocessor #include. File judul stdio.h berisi
prototype fungsi-fungsi pustaka untuk operasi input da output standar. Ada dua
cara untuk melibatkan file judul di suatu program C, yaitu sebagai berikut :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 50.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<b>#include
<stdio.h><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
Atau</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<b>#include “stdio.h” <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>1.6<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></b><!--[endif]--><b>NAMA
PENGENAL<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 21.25pt;">
Nama pengenal (identifier name) adalah nama-nama yang
ditentukan sendiri oleh pembuat program. Yang nantinya nama tersebut digunakan
dalam pemrograman. Fungsinya untuk meneyatakan : Variabel, Tipe Data,
Konstanta, Fungsi, Label dan Obyek.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
Aturan penamaan pengenal :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Karakter pertama harus huruf atau garis bawah.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Karakter berikutnya boleh huruf, bilangan, atau
garis bawah.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Panjang maksimal 32 karakter.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Nama pengenal tidak boleh sama dengan kata kunci
(reseeved word)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Pengenal bersifat case sensitif.<br />
<div style="text-indent: -24px;">
<span style="text-indent: 21.25pt;"> Huruf kecil dan huruf besar (kapital) pada pengenal tidak dianggap sama :</span></div>
<div style="text-indent: -24px;">
<span style="text-indent: 21.25pt;"> Contoh : </span><b style="text-indent: 21.25pt;">NAMA, Nama, nama </b><span style="text-indent: 21.25pt;">=
menyertakan pengenal yang berbeda.</span><br />
<span style="text-indent: 21.25pt;"><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 14.55pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 73.85pt;" valign="top" width="98"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b>Benar<o:p></o:p></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 245.1pt;" valign="top" width="327"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b>Salah dan alasannya<o:p></o:p></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 73.85pt;" valign="top" width="98"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
Nama<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 245.1pt;" valign="top" width="327"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
2semester (tidak boleh diawali angka)<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 73.85pt;" valign="top" width="98"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
NAMA<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 245.1pt;" valign="top" width="327"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
Nama-barang (tanda – tidak diperbolehkan)<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 73.85pt;" valign="top" width="98"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
Nama_barang<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 245.1pt;" valign="top" width="327"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
#barang (simbol # tidak
diperbolehkan)<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 15.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 73.85pt;" valign="top" width="98"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
Kuartal_2<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 245.1pt;" valign="top" width="327"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
Nama barang (tidak boleh mengandun spasi)<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div style="text-indent: -24px;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b style="text-indent: -18pt;">1.7<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></b><b style="text-indent: -18pt;">KOMENTAR
PROGRAM</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 14.7pt;">
Komentar merupakan bagian terpenting dari program.
Kehadirannya sangat membantu pemrograman ataupun orang lain dalam memahami
program, karena berupa penjelasan-penjelasan mengenai program atau
bagian-bagian program. Hal ini penjelasannya bisa berupa :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Tujuan / fungsi program</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Saat program dibuat atau di revisi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Keterangan-keterangan lain tentang sejumlah
pernyataan dalam program</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21.3pt;">
Pada C suatu komentar diawali
dengan tanda ( <b>/*</b> ) dan diakhiri
dengan tanda ( <b>*/</b> ). Semua string atau tulisan yang terletak sesudah
tanda /* hingga akhir baris dengan sendirinya
akan diperlukan sebagai keterangan. Bagi kompiler hal ini tidak berguna
dan akan diabaikan pada saat kompilasi.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21.3pt;">
Contoh : </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 78pt;">
<i>/*</i><i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">----------------------------------------------------------------*/<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 78pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">/* PROGRAM_1.C */<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 78pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">/* contoh program yang menggunakan
komputer */<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 78pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/</span></i><i><o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>1.8<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->STATEMENT</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.15pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
Suatu
ststemen (statement) adalah pernyataan yang menyebabkan suatu tindakan akan
dilakukan oleh komputer. Tindakan tersebut dapat berupa tindakan untuk
menghitung, menampilkan hasil, menerima input data, mengendalikan proses
program dan lain-lain. Suatu statemen dibahasa C ditulis dan diakhiri oleh
tanda titik koma (<b>;</b>).</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
Contoh :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
X=X+1;</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
Printf(‘NilaiX=%f\n”,X);</div>
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
new'ELhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12101051084535109787noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2766257157174435715.post-90308724622188644132012-09-04T05:50:00.000-07:002012-09-04T05:54:25.174-07:00Pengelompokan Teknologi Informasi<br />
<b><i>Teknologi Masukan</i></b><br />
<div>
Teknologi yang berhubungan dengan peralatan untuk memasukkan data ke dalam sistem komputer.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b><i>Mesin Pemroses</i></b></div>
<div>
Teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengolah data.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b><i>Teknologi Penyimpanan</i></b></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li>Penyimpanan Internal --> Sebagai pengingat sementara baik bagi data, program, maupun informasi ketika proses pengolahannya oleh CPU.<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<o:p>Misal : ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory)</o:p></div>
</li>
<li>Penyimpanan Eksternal --> Berfungsi untuk menyimpan data secara permanen.</li>
</ul>
<div>
<b><i>Teknologi Keluaran</i></b></div>
</div>
<div>
Teknologi yang berhubungan dengan piranti yang berfungsi untuk menyajikan iformasi hasil penolahan sistem.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b><i>Teknologi Perangkat Lunak</i></b></div>
<div>
Deretan instruksi yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan komputer sehingga komputer dapat melakukan tindakan sesuai yang dikehendaki penggunanya.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b><i>Komponen Sistem Teknologi Informasi</i></b></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li>Hardware</li>
<li>Software</li>
<li>Brainware</li>
</ul>
<div>
<i>Sistem</i> : Elemen-elemen yang saling berhubungan atau saling terkait untuk menentukan suatu tujuan tertentu.</div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
new'ELhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12101051084535109787noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2766257157174435715.post-313726425808405412012-09-04T04:56:00.004-07:002012-09-04T05:00:39.855-07:00Definisi Teknologi Informasi<i>Menurut : </i><br />
<br />
<ol>
<li><i><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><b>Haag dan
Keen (1996)</b> --> </span></i><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Teknologi
informasi adalah seperangkat alat yag membantu anda bekerja dengan informasi
dan melakukan tugas-tugas yang berhubunga dengan pemrosesan</span><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><i style="font-weight: bold;">Martin
(1999) </i>--> </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Teknologi
informasi tidak hanya terbatas pada teknologi komputer (perangkat keras dan
perangkat lunak) yang digunakan untuk memproses dan menyimpan informasi
melainkan juga mencakup teknologi komunikasi untuk menyampaikan informasi</span><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><b style="font-style: italic;">William
& Sawyer (2003) </b>--> </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Teknologi
Informasi adalah teknologi yang menggabungkan komputasi (komputer) dengan jalur
komunikasi berkecepatan tinggi yang membawa data suara dan video.</span></li>
</ol>
new'ELhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12101051084535109787noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2766257157174435715.post-7885856756585965892012-09-04T00:51:00.000-07:002012-09-04T04:57:27.761-07:00Pengertian Teknologi InformasiTI adalah istilah terhadap berbagai macam hal dan kemampuan yang digunakan dalam pembentukan, penyimpanan, dan penyebaran informasi.<br />
<br />
<i>Teknologi</i><br />
Merupakan suatu alat yang digukan untuk membantu atau mempermudah pekerjaan mausia.<br />
<br />
<i>Informasi</i><br />
Data yang sudah diproses atau sudah diolah dan mempunyai arti bagi penerimanya<br />
<br />
<i>Data</i><br />
Suatu objek yang masih kosong dan belum mempunyai arti.new'ELhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12101051084535109787noreply@blogger.com0